Northrop Frye: The Archetypes of Literature
The Archetypes of Literature (1951): Northrop Frye

 
1. In literature, an archetype is a typical character, an action or a situation that seems to represent such universal patterns of human nature. An archetype, also known as universal symbol, may be a character, a theme, a symbol or even a setting. Many literary critics are of the opinion that archetypes, which have a common and recurring representation in a particular human culture or entire human race, shape the structure and function of a literary work.

2. In this Fry is trying to prove that literature can be study systematically, and criticism can be the organized body of knowledge. As physics as a branch of knowledge learns Nature, but only partially, and not in totality. Physics is an organisd body of knowledge about nature, and a student of it says that he is learning physics, not that he is learning nature. So in this way Frye tries to prove that physics cAn be taught but nature is at the centre of it.
3. History and Philosophy always remains with literature.History and philosophy both the things are different. As we know that criticism as an organized body of knowledge & we finds that literature is the central division of the ‘ humanities’ balanced on one side by history & on the anther side by philosophy , the systematic mental organization of the subject that the conceptacle framework of the historian for events and to that of the philosopher for ideas.
4. The use of inductive method in the foreground of the grave-digger scene in Hamlet , for instance , is an intricate verbal texture ,ranging from the puns of the first clown to the danse macabre of the yorick soliloquy.one step back,and we are in the Wilson knight and spurgeon group of critics, listening to the study rain of images of corruption and decay. The inducative method with illustration of Shakespeare’s hamlet’s grave digger’s scene.
5. The deductive method of analysis deals with the established meaning of work from the general truth to particular truth. So to explain deductive method of analysis here Frye illustrates Music and Painting.
6.here the example of Indian seasonal poem .
ફાગણની કાળઝાળ સુક્કી વેળામાં તારું પહેલા વરસાદ સમું આવવું
હવે આંખોને કેમ રે ભુલાવવું
બળતે બપ્પોર ભીનો પગરવ સૂણીને
કાંઈ વાસ્યા કમાડ અમે ખોલ્યાં
ચારે આંખોના એવાં અંધાર્યા વાદળાં
કે શમણે આવેલ મોર બોલ્યા
ઓચિંતા ધોધમાર સામસામે આપણે ઊભાં રહ્યાંનું પૂર આવવું
ફળિયે પલાશ ફૂલ નીતરતું ઝાડ
અને હું રે વેરાઈ જઉં રાનમાં
મારી હથેળીમાંય એવી રેખાઓ
જેવી રેખાઓ ખાખરાના પાનમાં
લીંબોળી વાવીને છાંયડા ઊછેરું પણ ચોમાસું કેમ કરી વાવવું?
ફાગણની કાળઝાળ બળતી વેળામાં તારું પહેલા વરસાદ સમું આવવું
હવે આંખોને કેમ રે ભુલાવવું
રમેશ પારેખ 
 

The Sense of an Ending by Julian Barnes.

  The Sense of an Ending byJulian Barnes.

     The Sense of an Ending is a 2011 novel written by British author Julian Barnes.  The Sense of an Ending by Julian Barnes an English novelist won 2011 Man Booker Prize. This is Eleventh novel of writer. This novel was released on 4th August 2011in the United Kingdom. This novel is based on memory of writer (narrator). That how narrator recalls his past (memory) and that create a sequence of accident and that makes a twist in the story. Thus the novel based on Memory of narrator.

    1.'Blood Money' in Veronica's answer email implies It was the cash that Sarah Ford offered it to Tony where there is something hidden intention was there and as it also shows some relations like Sarah Ford  is responsible for Adrin's suicide so that’s why Veronica called Blood money.
2. The equation Means b =baby or young Adrian,
 s = Sarah,
 V= Veronica,
a= Adrian.
 b = s – v x/+ a1 means, Young Adrian,
 b is a result of Sarah's relationship with Adrian (x/+) with breaking relationship with Veronica(-).
a2 + v + a1 X s = b? a2 means Anthony \ It says relationship of Tony with Veronica, and her relationship with Adrian. And Adrian and Sarah's relationship multiplies b means gave birth to baby or young Adrian.
  
  Adrian's diary is with Sarah. Their relationship is an effect of Tony's letter. So, she willed it to Tony. But Veronica knows all the things. even she can view that the reason of young Adrian's suffering is also three of them. One thing that stood out on rereading the book is that Sarah Ford doesn't look much like Veronica. She is much taller and is facially dissimilar. She also acts differently to the rest of the Ford clan and seems to take against her own daughter.
     Adrian character is not a person to lose mental condition and felt in trauma because the way Tony portrayed his character as sharp with history knowledge and very intelligent student of college. So there is very minor chance that Finn loses his mental condition.
   I think there is one reason of Adrian's suicide is the guilt of having relationship with Sara ford and because she got pregnancy in very mature age the child is born as a deformed child and Sara has also suffer a lot. so the guilt is one of the valid reason for his suicide.
     The first thing is whatever he said is only his point of view and his way looking towards life. Second thing is we can’t remember all things which happened in our past so here we can say that memory isn't unreliable or imperfect.  We can say that Tony is unreliable narrator because he talk about his memory and memory are not always trustworthy sometimes it is not true.
   

ONLINE discussion 2: Ancient vs Modern: Isn't it stupid to think who is better?

    I think both are right to their own position. There are both are important to their own positions of society. Many time we saw that ancient is better than modern but that is not reliable truth. Sometime ancient very useful to understand many of things and then sometime modern is to help our works or many other things.

Online Discussion 3: Quotes of Virginia Woolf: My top 3 quotes.

1. " A woman must have money and room of her own if she is to write fiction."

   Total freedom of women come only when she is economically free. If she is dependent economically to other how she manage herself and work also.  

2.  "They can because they think they can."

  It is very important to have faith in oneself. If we think we can then definitely we can do something and can also overcome our problems.  

3.   "If  you do not tell the truth about yourself. You  can not tell it about other  people."

          A person must have true to his/her self. If we are not judeging our self with honesty, we have no right to judge other people.

 Online Discussion: Gender Bias in Temples

 I am agree with this point. In many temples woman not allowed. Some temples like the temple of Shiva, Swaminarayan,and the temple of Muslims where women aren’t allowed to enter in some prohibited areas.  

   A common counter to this argument is that temples are public places and thus denying entry to anybody based on gender, race, religion, caste or creed violates a constitutional right, opening up the debate for non-believers. 

Online Duscuaaion 1: Irfan Habib Historian Interview and Caste Politics and Ashoka in Bihar

    

 In the first article Habib presented the Indian history. in the first article Habib presented the indian history .and he of religion and that s  way many types of controversy out in society and also some kind of political aspects out and many other things we can't bring out people from this.

    Do politicians really care about history, or Ashoka? Arguably the political maneuvering of laying claims on the legacy of a historical figure to win votes and power, says volumes about the what the politicians and political parties think of people.

       Theme of Love and Death in Harry Potter:

   Love and death are major themes in J.K.Rowling’s Harry Potter books. She herself has said in a recent interview in recent interview in The Tatler magazine that “My books are largely about death.” And in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, one of J.K. Rowling’s chosen spokespersons, Professor Dumbledore, impresses upon Harry that his “ability to love” is “ the only protection that can possibly work against the lure of power like Voldemort’s.”
    Rowling offers a number of reflections on death and its meaning. At the very start of the narrative we hear that Harry’s parents have died, and in due course both we and Harry learn that they were murdered. Love is the significant theme in Harry Potter series. Harry loved all, and was loved by all.     Love plays very important role in Voldemort's ruin than he or Harry understand.“Voldemort also unwittingly ensures that Harry is tied to life while Voldemort lives by taking some of his blood in the hope that he will be able to gain some of the protection that lingers in Harry as a result of Lily sacrifice.
     The topic of adoration outperforming passing started in the primary book of the arrangement, and is completely acknowledged in the Deathly Hallows.Harry grapples with his imminent death after finding out that he must die in order to destroy Voldemort: “It would all be gone…or at least, he would be gone from it. His breath came slow and deep, and his mouth and throat were completely dry, but so were his eyes.”

 Children’s Literature and Harry Potter

        Harry Potter is children Literature and Harry Potter is also the likely books for childern because Harry potter character is young to elder and magical and incredible books and children literature are also the fantacy books. the whole "magical" plot. The books are generally placed in the childrens section. As the books grew in number, the plot grew darker. they are called "children's books" because of the moral lessons that are in them. 


 Feminist reading of Harmione’s character in Harry Potter

    Hermione is the ideal case when examining the feminist principles in the novels. Harmione is innocent as she selected by Krum but she has not courage or choice to select by her will. Ron and Harry felt that if Hermione is not with them then they can’t sometimes come out of such situation but they don’t want to realize it to Hermione.

   Hermione a protagonist may be because of patriarchal society or she may thought women as less powerful or intelligent than the man.or may be society will not accept this.